On UNIX and UNIX-Like systems:

Type 'date' at a prompt.

$ date
Tue Jan  8 11:17:06 EST 2002

In Perl:

#!/usr/bin/perl 
use POSIX 'strftime';
$date = strftime("%c",localtime);
print $date;
exit;

In PHP:

<?php $tdate = date("F j, Y"); print $tdate; ?>

In Windows:

Hold your mouse cursor over the time displayed in the system tray within 
the taskbar. A tooltip will pop up with today's date.

In DOS:

Type 'date' at a prompt. Hit ENTER twice. 

C:\> date
Current date is Tue 01-02-2002
Enter new date (mm-dd-yy):

C:\>

In MacOS:

Click on the clock inside the menu bar.

In Java:

new Date();
or
System.currentTimeMillis();

Thanks to Xamot for the Java code, and mkb for the MacOS method.